ABSTRACT
@#Introduction: Eating behaviour pattern is among the key behavioural factors that contribute to eating disorders. Hence, to evaluate the psychometric characteristics of the Eating Behaviour Pattern Questionnaire (EBPQ) that is used in epidemiological studies to measure the relationship between health outcomes and eating behaviour patterns, this study aimed to validate the adopted version of the EBPQ and to check the validity and reliability of this tool in University of Malaya, Malaysia. Methods: Exploratory factor analysis (EFA) was used to determine the most appropriate factor structure of EBPQ. Moreover, structural equation modelling (SEM) and confirmatory factor analysis (CFA) were applied to examine the convergent and discriminant validity of EBPQ. As for the participants of the study, multi-stage random sampling was used and 200 students (109 females and 91 males) from University of Malaya were chosen. Results: The EFA yielded nine components of EBPQ including emotional eating, eating outside, cultural habit, low-fat eating, meal skipping, snacking, healthy eating, planning for food and sweets, which explained 67.7% of the total variance. Furthermore, the Cronbach’s α was about 0.8 for all components, which exhibited a high internal consistency among the obtained components. The results showed that the questionnaire had sufficient convergent and discriminant validity. Conclusion: The EBPQ was proven to be a reliable tool to measure the eating behaviour patterns in Malaysian university students. The presence of adequate validity and reliability supports this instrument’s psychometric properties for future studies.
ABSTRACT
Objectives: Overweight and obesity are known to cause various patterns of alteration to the pulmonary function test [PFT] parameters. We sought to investigate gender differences in PFT parameters and examine the relationship between body mass index [BMI] and PFT parameters
Methods: We conducted a retrospective study of 126 patients referred for a PFT by various medical specialties between January and December 2015. PFT was measured using spirometry, and BMI was calculated using Quetelet's index
Results: Female patients exhibited lower mean values for all PFT parameters compared to male patients. The forced vital capacity [FVC] % predicted was less than 80% for all patients while the ratio of forced expiratory volume in 1 second [FEV1]/FVC was higher with increased BMI. BMI was positively correlated with peak expiratory flow in all patients, and with FEV1/FVC ratio in males but not in females
Conclusions: In our studied population, males exhibited higher mean values of PFT parameters than females. Increased BMI may be associated with a restrictive pattern on spirometry
ABSTRACT
Objective: to determine the effect of counselling on pre-operative anxiety among the patients undergoing third molar surgery
Methods: a randomized controlled trial was conducted in the department of maxillofacial surgery, Punjab Dental Hospital and Mayo Hospital, Lahore from September, 2013 to December, 2013. A total of 100 patients planned for third molar surgery by the maxillofacial surgeon on the basis of symptomatology and investigations and also having baseline anxiety above the cutoff point on Hamilton Anxiety Rating Scale [HAM-A] were selected and randomly divided into the control and the experimental groups. The pre- operative anxiety was assessed objectively and subjectively on Hamilton Anxiety Rating Scale [HAM-A] and Dental Anxiety Scale [DAS] [Urdu version] respectively at the time of booking the patient for the operation [session 1] and scoring was done. Detailed counselling was done to the experimental group in addition to providing information as usual which included routine briefing which was given to all the patients of both the groups. Preoperative anxiety was assessed again on the same scales in the same manner in both the groups just before the surgery [session 2] and the results were compared
Results: a statistically significant difference was found in pre-operative anxiety scores of both the experimental and control groups between session 1 and session 2. In the experimental group, preoperative anxiety was significantly reduced after intervention [p-value=0.00] as compared to the control group in which it was significantly increased [p- value=0.00] just before the surgery
Conclusion: counselling is an effective method for reducing preoperative anxiety in patients undergoing third molar surgery